Abstract:
One of the simplest structural types that has a very special
spherical or partial-spherical shape is the Geodesic dome. In
order to provide resistance to gravitational, wind and seismic
loads, the skeleton of the structure consists of a variety of unequal
and straight structural members that form its many stable
triangular components. Without any sort of internal posts, load
bearing walls or deep beams or trusses, the geodesic dome has
the ability to achieve broad span, the load is spread uniformly
across the dome surface. On the other hand, more material and
space would be needed for a traditional building to achieve a
larger span, and the need for deflection control and bracing could
become a challenge for the conventional type. Whereas in limiting
deflection, the geodesic is very effective, and through its stable
triangulated elements it is self-braced.
Geodesic domes (e.g. wood, steel) may be made from different
materials and a very light PVC cover is added to the exterior of the
main frame to protect the dome from weathering. It gives a
strength-to-weight ratio that can not compete with many others.
The rapid erection speed, the competitiveness of the cost of
materials and their resistance to natural disasters have made
dome construction relevant to many agricultural and commercial
applications.
