Study of the Performance and Emission of EFI-SI Engine Using Water Injection

Abstract

Few studies on the effect of water addition to combustion engine have been done for the last decades on carbureted single cylinder engine. The purpose of the present research is to investigate the effect of water addition on the performance and emission of an EFI-SI, CAMPRO 1.6L four stroke cycle engine. Water in mist form was supplied to the intake manifold through the nozzle which is located after the butterfly valve at the throttle body. The water will mix with the air fuel mixture before entering into the combustion chamber. A combination of modelling simulation followed by experimental validation was carried out with and without water mist addition to examine the performance and emission produced by the engine. The simulation was carried out using GT POWER before the experimental investigation on performance and emission was carried out with various load factors at different speed within the range of 1500 rpm to 4500 rpm. Thus experimental result for the standard engine performance is used to validate the simulation model. Measurement of various parameters such as brake power, torque, volumetric efficiency, spark advance timing and the concentration of CO, NO with water and without water addition to the engine was recorded. The experimental data obtained x from the results by using the water addition method show an increase of power, torque and volumetric efficiency of the engine up to 10%. The fuel consumption is reduced about 3% to 6% when the speed is increase from 1500 rpm to 3500 rpm, then it increases up to 10% when the engine speeds up to 4500 rpm. The emission of NO was x significantly reduced, but CO does not change. The results obtained and analysed will be useful for improving the engine performance and emission for further developments.