GLUCOSE PRODUCTION FROM BANANA PEEL BY ACID HYDROLYSIS

Abstract

This research aim is to study the production of glucose concentration in banana peel by acid hydrolysis, the influence of acid concentration and temperature on the glucose concentration and to study the effect of acid concentration and temperature on ash determination were studied. Initially, banana peel was hydrolyzed by hydrochloric acid with 1% and 2% at temperature of 70°C and 80°C to produce glucose and the amount of glucose produced was determined by Ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy(UV VIS).Next, ash determination of before and after hydrolysis were conducted to determine the minerals content in peel. On the effect of acid on hydrolysis, the concentration of glucose at 1% was 446.97 mg/mL whereas the concentration of glucose at 2% of acid was 1018.94 mg/mL. Concentration of glucose increased with an increasing percentage of acid at 80°C. The concentration of glucose at 1% was 1536.37 mg/mL while the concentration of glucose at 2% of acid was 1599.24 mg/mL. On the other hand of the effect of temperature on acid hydrolysis, the results obtained from the experiment stated that 80°C of temperature has higher efficiency than 70°C in the production of glucose by acid hydrolysis. Temperature greatly affects on the process of hydrolysis of glucose. By increasing the temperature, concentration of glucose increases. This is because cell wall of banana is very complex to breakdown and needed a high temperature to break it down into simpler constituent, glucose. The percentage of ash obtained before hydrolysis was 10.00% with a standard deviation of 0.45. The percentage of ash for after sample undergoes acid hydrolysis.For the first sample with temperature of 70°C and 1% of hydrochloric acid, the ash percentage was 6.67%. Next for 70°C with 2% of acid, ash percentage obtained was 4.67%. 80°C of temperature with 1% hydrochloric acid has 5.33% of ash percentage whereas 80°C with 2% obtained an ash percentage of 4.00%. This research concluded that high concentration of acid and high temperature will increase the rate of acid hydrolysis which will increase the glucose concentration obtained. It is also concluded that high acid and temp increase efficiency in the production of glucose. In addition, the percentage of ash obtained before the sample is hydrolyzed was higher than after acid hydrolysis was conducted. The presence of the acid might eliminate the mineral contents in the banana peel made the decreasing percentage of ash in the peel.