A Review On Heliotropium Indicum L. (Boraginaceae)

Abstract

Heliotropium indicum Linn., commonly known as ‘Indian heliotrope’ is very common in India with a long history of traditional medicinal uses in many countries in the world. The plant is reported to possess antibacterial, antitumor, uterine stimulant effect, antifertility, wound healing, anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive and diuretic activities. Several pyrrolizidine alkaloids have been isolated from this species. The active principle Indicine-N-oxide has reached Phase 1 clinical trials in advanced cancer patients. But severe toxic side-effects showed that a therapy with indicine-N-oxide was not justified. Most of the alkaloids are hepatoxic and therefore internal use of Heliotropium species is not recommended. External application to promote wound healing and to fight infections seems to be less hazardous, but more research is needed. The comprehensive account of the chemical constituents and the biological activities are presented in this review such that the potential use of this plant in various traditional medicines can be systematically evaluated.