Abstract:
A polyol is an alcohol containing multiple hydroxyl groups. The main polyol
usage is in Polyurethane (PU) production and based on the rapid growth of PU
production because of its diversity usage in polymer industries such as adhesives,
sealants, elastomers and coating, causes the rising of polyol demand. However, the
existing vegetable oil-based polyol except Jatropha Oil is edible oil, which more
valuable for food supply and thus reflected the higher cost for raw material. The
objectives of the study are to functionalize Jatropha Oil via epoxidation and ring
opened synthesis route, to produce Jatropha Oil-Based Polyol, to synthesis the
Jatropha Oil-Based Polyol produced and to compare the characterization of Jatropha
Oil-Based Polyol with Palm Oil-Based Polyol and Soybean Oil-Based Polyol.
According to the result obtained, overall polyol yield after removing excess of water
and alcohol is 60 %. The produced epoxidized jatropha oil had oxirane oxygen
content of 3.02 – 4.53 %. The hydroxyl number obtained is within 172.8 – 176.5 mg
of KOH/g. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra detected that alkene double
bonds of jatropha oil appeared at 3012 cm-1 and epoxidation process has disappeared
the double bond and epoxy group was formed at 824 cm-1. Meanwhile, formation of
byproduct hydroxyl band at 3464 cm-1 is evident in the epoxidized jatropha oil. As
conclusion jatropha oil-based polyol with the palm oil-based polyol and soybean oilbased
polyol, the amount of functionalized double bond is higher in jatropha oil-based
polyol compared to palm oil-based polyol due to relatively long chain of unsaturated
fatty acid in jatropha oil. However, the amount of functionalized double bond in
soybean oil-based polyol is higher compared to jatropha oil-based polyol due to used
of solvent during epoxidation to stabilize the rings formation.
