The myriad therapeutic benefits of Aloe vera and its endophytes - A review

Abstract

Endophytes are a group of bacteria, fungi and/or actinomycetes that live near intercellular or intracellular tissues of a host plant without causing any disease symptoms. Both endophytes and host plant manifest their reciprocal relationship by providing a spacious shelter, nutrients as well as a shield system against pests and animals. Almost all living plants that grow in many parts of the earth are resided by endophytes, including Aloe vera. This plant owns exceptional biological profiles, which are evidenced by antimicrobial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, and antiviral properties. As per a current report, more than 75 actives are isolated from A. vera. These include polysaccharides, carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, minerals, and phenolic substances. A unique communication between A. vera and endophytes has permitted the microbial occupants to mimic the production of these bio-actives. In respect of pharmaceutical significance, this event promises a high potency to novel drugs discovery. Thus, several currently isolated bioactive compounds and their therapeutic values from A. vera and its endophytes have been chosen in this review. The discovery of novel bioactive compounds may become an excellent foundation against lethal diseases in humans.