Development of Smart Traffic Light for Emergency Vehicles

Abstract

First, vehicles growth leads to a big problem over the world including in crowded cities. Some research show that all over the world, there has been a rapid increase in vehicle numbers. In Malaysia the latest statistics show that there are approximately 28.2 million-unit vehicles registered in the year 2017. As a result, traffic problems have increased in the last few years.Therefore, there is not expecting traffic jam in traffic light. The delay of respective light is hard coded in the traffic light and it is not dependent on traffic for an example of a red-light signal takes two minutes to four minutes to switch to green. This may cause one of major problem which is the occurrence of traffic congestion at the intersections in cities. In addition, the problem become bigger if the emergency vehicle such as ambulance, fire brigade and police will be stuck especially at the traffic light junction need passing through the road.Therefore, this project use Arduino technology and Bluetooth as a sensor. The Bluetooth protocol operates at 2.4GHz Bluetooth network can set a master or slave model to control when and where devices can send data. In this project, a single master device is connected to the single slave device. When the Bluetooth is communicating each other at a certain distance from traffic light, the red-light signal will change to green to allow the emergency vehicle to pass it. If the traffic light in green colour it will extend the signal light until the emergency vehicle passes the signal light. In other junction all the signals red except one from the emergency vehicle passes. Upon the connection between master and slave is disconnected or certain time is set up, then the normal traffic light is returned.