http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/531 Fri, 10 Apr 2026 09:34:06 GMT 2026-04-10T09:34:06Z http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/18448 PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF CENTRALIZED AND DECENTRALIZED NETWORK IN VIDEO STREAMING USING OPNET NASRI, MUHAMAD SYAFIQ FARIS Unlike traditional distributed systems which is based on pure client/server model, decentralized networks are self-organizing networks that aggregate large amount of heterogeneous computers called nodes or peers that can communicate directly with each other for sharing and exchanging of data. The main concept of decentralized networking is that each peer is a client and a server at the same time which used the concept of played while downloading known as streaming. The characteristic of Decentralized Network itself make them better choice for multimedia content streaming over IP networks. Fri, 02 Mar 2018 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/18448 2018-03-02T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/18447 WIRELESS OUTDOOR COMMUNICATION: THE EFFECT OF NATURAL ENVIRONMENT ON SIGNAL Mohamad Zamri, Muhammad Arif Izzudin Wireless communication is a transmission of information that transmitted using electromagnetic waves such as radio frequencies and infrared. In the wireless communication system, the propagation characteristic of the radio coverage areas is very important to acquire the accurately received signal strength. Acquiring good signal strength on wireless communication depends on the interference that will be an obstruction to the transmission. Wireless communication is more effective and easy to setup because this technology eliminates wires and cables use but the signal can be exposed by many interferences. In this paper, the experiments are conducted in the outdoor communication environments to investigate how much the received signal loss value on the natural environment. Two antennas have been used, which one will be the transmitter and the other will be the receiver on this project. In this experiment, a comparison has been carried out between the transmission with the soft object which is trees and rain weather by the transmission with the trees, rainy weather and boulder. It shows that the signal transmission will degrade their performance when there is obstruction from boulder, tree, and rain. Fri, 02 Mar 2018 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/18447 2018-03-02T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/18446 QUALITY OF SERVICE (QoS) IMPROVEMENT USING CLUSTERING TECHNIQUE FOR LTE-ADVANCED NETWORK Mohd.Ismail, Nur Aqielah This study is to simulate a network performance of LTE-Advanced using MATLAB simulation software. When there are too many users in the network, congestion will happen thus user will experience slower speeds. In order to achieve a better performance, a clustering technique is used. Clustering technique for User Equipment (UEs) and Base Station (BS) are being handled in the LTE-Advanced network as a static clustering. A balance channel allocation scheme is required to allocate the bandwidth and communication channels to base station equally. This helps to maximize the efficiency of the network quality when assigning channels to cells in a cellular network without interfering the neighbours. Thus, a fair channel allocation is implemented to improve the performance of the network. Fri, 02 Mar 2018 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/18446 2018-03-02T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/18445 ANALYSIS OF DELAY OF SMS ON KITCHEN ALARM SYSTEM (KAS) OVER GSM NETWORK Mhd Suhaimi, Muhammad Adi Azwan Kitchen Alarm System (KAS) is an alarm system made with Raspberry Pi that is focusing on a kitchen environment to alert the resident by sending SMS notifications if there are any critical changes in the concentration of gas of the kitchen. The KAS scans the gas concentration of the surrounding environment and store the data collected into MySQL database. Meanwhile, if the gas concentration is above normal it will send SMS notifications to the resident’s phone over GSM network, trigger buzzer alarm and display warning message on the LCD screen. The tests were conducted 10 times of each, in the same housing area and outside the housing area by using the same and different mobile operator. The time taken for the SMS to be sent from the KAS to the transmitter is about 8 to 9 second since the GSM module is processing the AT command for SMS sending in serial. When the first AT command is sent from the Raspberry Pi to the GSM module, the module will respond back to the Raspberry Pi saying it has received the command. Each command requires 1 or more second to be processed causing the delay to send the SMS. The average time taken for the SMS to travel between the transmitter to the receiver is between 1 to 3.5 seconds depending on the mobile operator’s performances. The main reason for the analysis of delay of SMS is to monitor the time taken for the SMS to reach its destination so that the resident can react faster. Fri, 02 Mar 2018 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/18445 2018-03-02T00:00:00Z